Environmental factors influencing asexual reproductive processes in echinoderms
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چکیده
RÉSUMÉ Philip V. MLADENOV Echinoderme Asexué Sexué Reproduction Environnement Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Received 30/03/95, in revised form 08/12/95, accepted 14/12/95. This review provides a brief update of the occurrence and adaptive significance of asexual reproduction in echinoderms. lt then focuses on the state of knowledge of biotic and abiotic factors that influence asexual processes in this group, particularly factors that may play a role in regulating the expression and relative proportion of asexual versus sexual phenotypes within populations of species, as well as factors modulating and triggering asexual processes. The information presented in the review is synthesized into the form of a basic model depicting how environmental factors may interact with physiological factors to regulate asexual reproduction in echinoderms, and to show how such regulatory processes may parallel in sorne ways those known to regulate sexual reproduction. Since the model is based mainly on correlational evidence derived from comparative field observations, a number of experimental approaches for testing the predictions of the model are discussed briefly. Facteurs influençant les processus de reproduction asexuée chez les échinodermes. Dans cette revue une brève mise à jour est faite sur l'existence et la signification adaptative de la reproduction asexuée chez les échinodermes. Cette mise au point porte sur l'état des connaissances concernant les facteurs biotiques et abiotiques qui influencent les processus asexués de ce groupe, particulièrement ceux qui jouent un rôle dans la régulation de l'expression et les proportions relatives des phénotypes asexués versus sexués à l'intérieur des populations d'espèces et ceux qui modulent et déclenchent les processus asexués. L'information présentée est synthétisée sous la forme d'un modèle décrivant comment les facteurs de l'environnement peuvent avoir avec les facteurs physiologiques une action réciproque régulant la reproduction asexuée chez les échinodermes. Ce modèle montre aussi comment de tels processus régulateurs peuvent, dans quelques cas, être parallèles à ceux qui régulent la reproduction sexuée. Comme le modèle est fondé principalement sur des relations dérivées d'observations faites dans le milieu, un certain nombre d'approches expérimentales testant les prédictions du modèle sont brièvement discutées. Oceanologica Acta, 1996, 19, 3-4, 227-235.
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تاریخ انتشار 2012